The
Smart Car designers knew that the visual size of the car would raise
the question of its safety. Because of this, they built Smart with
safety in mind.
Tridion Safety Shell
To
begin with, they used a safety cell construction, a "Tridion" frame.
The entire frame of Smart is a Steel Structure, reinforced with high
strength steel at strategic points. When Smart is hit the force is
distributed evenly around the driver and passenger. The steel frame of
the Smart car is often compared with the design of a helmet or walnut
shell.
The European safety rating is 3 stars. This ranks very
competitively with both similarly sized models, as well, as much larger
vehicles.
Crash Boxes
The
Smart features two collision boxes: one in the front that is reinforced
with transverse members and slip tubes and another in the rear box,
which features an aluminum support. These parts and the bodypanels
shrug off knocks at up to 2 mph with virtually no sign of damage. In
collisions at speeds of up to around 9 mph, they serve as a crumple
zone and prevent the tridion safety cell from being damaged. If the
crash boxes are damaged, they are modular and can be replaced quickly.
In the event of a crash, the plastic materials used on both the
exterior and interior are shatterproof and will be 'shrugged off' in a
collision. Additionally, for added safety, the fuel supply is halted
and the central locking automatically unlocks following an impact to
the car.
Wheels Function as a Safety Feature
Smart
has reinvented the wheel as a safety element. If another car hits your
smart fortwo from the side, the compactness of the smart fortwo is a
great advantage. Thanks to the ultrashort wheel-base, the other car
will almost always hit a wheel, allowing the suspension components to
deform and absorb some of the crash energy. In the event of a head-on
collision, the front wheels double as a crumple zone. In the European
New Car Assessment Programme (NCAP) crash tests, the tridion remained
rigid following collision tests, protecting both the driver and
passenger.
Standard Full-Size Driver and Passenger Airbags
The Smart Car somes standard with Full-size driver and passenger side airbags. Additionally, side airbags are offered as an optional feature on the ForTwo models.
Sandwich-type Construction
The
Smart is unique in the aspect of having 'raised' driver and passenger
seats. Because sitting higher means staying on top in tricky
situations, drivers and passengers are better protected from injury in
collisions. The sandwich-type construction and raised seating position
allow the driver and passenger to be kept outside the direct danger
zone in the event of a side impact.
Seat Belts & Seat Position/Safety
The
belt guides are integrated into the back seat rest. The three-point
seat belt system ensures optimum seating comfort for persons of all
sizes in any seat positions. Furthermore, the passenger seat can be
pushed back slightly farther than the driver seat, preventing the
passengers from colliding with one another if the Smart Fortwo is hit
and allowing the driver a better side view.
The
car includes electronic tightening devices, otherwise know as
pretensioners, which automatically tighten the seat belts in
milliseconds to hold both occupants snugly in place. The belt is also
programmed to release in a controlled amount, which prevents too much
force from being exerted on the chest too quickly.The seats
themselves are comprised with a modular metal structure and the seat
back rests are reinforced with strong steel shells. The headrests are
also integral elements of the safety seats and are always in place to
offer maximum protection.
If the Smart Fortwo is hit from behind, the
rear crash boxes, the tridion safety cell and the rear-mounted engine
will absorb much of the impact energy. Whilst the integral safety seat
design gives enhanced protection and leaves you with no doubt that you
are in the safe hands of the Smart Car.
Steering Column
The
steering column has been designed to retract telescopically upon
impact, minimizing the likelihood of injury. When a collision occurs at
up to 9 mph, the front crash box absorbs the energy of impact to
protect the Tridion Frame, which can be very costly to replace. At
faster speeds, the front section and wheels buckle in sequence,
providing a maximum crumple zone. The engine is located in the rear of
the vehicle, similar to a VW beetle if you will, so there's nothing
hazardous in front of you. Knee protectors keep your legs un-injured in
the event of a crash and airbags soften the blow even further.
Active Damage Prevention System
The
Smart Car has an Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) with an electronic
brake-force distribution and electronic stability programme (ESP) with
brake assist. ESP is able to moderate the engine power and selectively
brake individual wheels to stabilize the Smart Fortwo. The ESP
functions in instances such as: the rear end of the car threatening to
break away, the car understeers, the wheel spins or the car loses
contact with the road. The esp sensors can also detect when you are
attempting to perform an emergency stop and apply maximum braking
effort to bring the smart fortwo to a halt quickly, even if you haven't
pressed the pedal hard enough. The hydraulic brake assist function
makes a decisive contribution by saving those vital few yards in a
tricky situation.